Thanksgiving

Segue abaixo um projeto pedagógico que elaboramos para o "Thanskgiving Day"...

Projeto pedagógico: Thanksgiving Day

Disciplinas envolvidas: Inglês, História e Arte

Público-alvo: alunos de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental I e II

Professores responsáveis:
(nome dos professores)

Justificativa:
Promover contato com conceitos como solidariedade e fraternidade.

Objetivos:
– Promover valores como a amizade e a solidariedade por meio de uma celebração.
– Reconhecer a importância da colaboração entre as pessoas, como a que se deu no período da colonização dos Estados Unidos.

Conteúdos procedimentais:
Educação Infantil
– Reconhecer vocábulos de língua inglesa relacionados à comemoração do Thanksgiving Day.
– Montar um painel ou uma árvore de Natal com mensagens de agradecimento.
– Fazer uma coleta de alimentos não perecíveis para serem doados a instituições de caridade.
– Organizar um lanche comunitário aberto aos familiares para celebrar a data (quarta quinta-feira de novembro).
– Fotografar ou filmar as atividades e expor o registro na feira de inglês.

Ensino Fundamental I e II
– Relatar os principais fatos da história do Thanksgiving Day.
– Reconhecer vocábulos de língua inglesa relacionados a essa data comemorativa.
– Fazer um painel em que cada aluno possa colocar um “agradecimento” completando a frase “Eu agradeço…”.
– Pedir aos alunos que façam uma pesquisa sobre como os americanos celebram essa data: em que dia do ano, qual a importância do Thanksgiving, quem participa, que alimentos são servidos nessa grande comemoração, etc.
– Os alunos podem fazer uma campanha de doação de brinquedos ou roupas para crianças carentes, mobilizando toda a escola. Podem encerrar com um lanche reunindo outras turmas para comemorar.
– Fotografar ou filmar as atividades.

Conteúdos atitudinais:
– Reconhecer a importância das datas comemorativas e de conhecer outras culturas.
– Valorizar e respeitar a necessidade de estudar a língua inglesa.
– Incentivar valores como o respeito e a cooperação.
– Promover a integração dos colegas de sala através de trabalho em grupo.

Aspectos a serem avaliados:
– Interesse e participação durante a execução das atividades propostas.
– Colaboração e atendimento às solicitações dos materiais.

Textos de apoio

Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving Day, o "Dia de Ação de Graças", é uma data tão importante quanto o Natal para os norte-americanos. De uns tempos para cá, ele vem sendo comemorado também em nosso país.
Tudo começou quando os pilgrims (imigrantes puritanos ingleses) partiram da Europa num navio chamado Mayflower.
Em 1620, ao chegarem em Massachusetts, nos Estados Unidos, fundaram uma cidade chamada Plymouth. Com a ajuda dos índios, eles aprenderam a plantar, caçar e pescar. Um ano depois, na quarta quinta-feira de novembro, os pilgrims deram graças a Deus por terem sobrevivido ao seu primeiro ano no "Novo Mundo".
A colheita foi farta e eles comemoraram com um grande jantar, em que também compareceram nativos norte-americanos. A festa durou três dias.
Atualmente, o "Dia de Ação de Graças" é um feriado familiar que é comemorado na quarta quinta-feira do mês de novembro. Nessa ocasião, familiares que vivem distantes se reúnem para um grande jantar e dão graças pelo ano que passou. Esse jantar costuma reproduzir a comida que os colonos de Plymouth serviram naquele dia: peru, batata-doce, milho e torta de abóbora.

Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November.
On this date, everyone is ready for one of the biggest meals of the year. Every family is up early to put the turkey into the oven and help to get the house ready for guests.
When the turkey, the vegetables, and many other things are on the table, everyone sits down. Some families say a prayer to give thanks for their food. That's the reason for Thanksgiving.
Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America.

In 1620 a ship called the Mayflower arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts. It brought about 150 people who were escaping from the religious persecution in Europe. They were called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans — Wampanoag — taught them how to hunt, fish and grow food.
They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived and for the good corn harvest they’d had. Americans want to remember the pilgrims and their trip across the ocean in 1620. For that reason, Thanksgiving dinner is like the meal of those pilgrims after their first long winter in New England.
Most people eat until they are full, but they still eat one more thing — a piece of pumpkin or apple pie. The turkey, the pie and the pilgrims are important, but Thanksgiving is not just a day to eat and to remember the pilgrims. It's also a time of the year when people travel from far away to be with their families.
(Adaptado de Badauê On-line. Acesso: junho de 2008.)

The Thanksgiving Story — A close look at history facts
Most stories of Thanksgiving history start with the harvest celebration of the pilgrims and the Indians that took place in the autumn of 1621. Although they did have a three-day feast in celebration of a good harvest, and the local Indians did participate, this "first Thanksgiving" was not a holiday, simply a gathering. There is little evidence that this feast of thanks led directly to our modern Thanksgiving Day holiday. Thanksgiving can, however, be traced back to 1863 when Pres. Lincoln became the first president to proclaim Thanksgiving Day. The holiday has been a fixture of late November ever since.

However, since most school children are taught that the first Thanksgiving was held in 1621 with the pilgrims and Indians, let us take a closer look at just what took place leading up to that event, and then what happened in the centuries afterward that finally gave us our modern Thanksgiving.
The Pilgrims who sailed to this country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the English Separatist Church (a Puritan sect). They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religious persecution. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventually became disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America. Most of the people making the trip aboard the Mayflower were non-Separatists, but were hired to protect the company's interests. Only about one-third of the original colonists were Separatists.
(from www.wilstar.com/holidays/thankstr.htm; accessed: 11/3/2008)

Glossary
afterward: posteriors, que vieram
ever since: desde então
fixture: fixado, formalizado
fled: passado de flee: abandonar, fugir
gathering: reunião hired: passado de hire: contratado
leading up: conduzindo, levando a
one-third: um terço
persecution: perseguição
pilgrimage: perigrinação
stock company: companhia de capital e financiamento

Answer the questions:
1. Was the first Thanksgiving Day a holiday?
The "first Thanksgiving" was not a holiday, simply a gathering.
2. Who proclaimed Thanksgiving Day a holiday? When?
Thanksgiving can, however, be traced back to 1863 when Pres. Lincoln became the first president to proclaim Thanksgiving Day.
3. When was the first Thanksgiving held?
The first Thanksgiving was held in 1621 with the pilgrims and Indians.
4. Who were the Pilgrims?
They were originally members of the English Separatist Church (a Puritan sect).
5. Why did they move from England to Holland, and to America?
They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religious persecution. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventually became disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America.

A Day for Thanks
Americans have always been hungry for the holidays, and a big turkey feast on Thanksgiving has always satisfied that hunger. But this year’s Thanksgiving should be more special than most because, after September 11, there are more reasons to “give thanks.”

The History Behind the Holiday
The feast that has become known as the first Thanksgiving was actually a harvest festival celebrated in December 1621. That's when English settlers in Plymouth, Massachusetts, gave thanks for the progress they had made after a harsh winter in their new country. Guests at outdoor tables gobbled up ducks, geese, turkeys, clams, eels, fish, wild plums, corn bread and other goodies. About 90 Native Americans also came and brought five deer to add to the feast, which lasted for three days.
After the American Revolution, George Washington proclaimed that the first national Thanksgiving would be on November 26, 1789. In the decades to follow, however, people celebrated Thanksgiving locally with no official date.
Making Thanksgiving Official
In 1863, a women's magazine editor named Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded President Abraham Lincoln to proclaim the last Thursday in November as a national day of Thanksgiving. It stayed that way until 1939, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt set it one week earlier to encourage more holiday shopping during a tough economic time in our country. Today, Thanksgiving is an official federal holiday falling each year on the fourth Thursday of November.
(extracted from www.timeforkids.com, November 12, 2001)
Glossary
clams: moluscos
eels: enguias
geese: gansos
gobbled up: devoraram
goodies: delícias, especiarias. harsh: rigoroso
persuaded: persuadiram
settlers: colonizadores
tough: difícil, duro
wild plums: ameixas-silvestres

Answer the questions:
1. When was the first Thanksgiving first celebrated?
The feast that has become known as the first Thanksgiving was actually a harvest festival celebrated in December 1621.
2. What did the Pilgrims celebrate on that date?
The Pilgrims in Plymouth, Massachusetts, gave thanks for the progress they had made after a harsh winter in their new country.
3. Who were their guests?
About 90 Native Americans also came and brought five deer to add to the feast.
4. How long did the feast take?
The feast lasted for three days.
5. What did they have ?
Ducks, geese, turkeys, clams, eels, fish, wild plums, corn bread and other goodies.

fonte Hello Somos Educação.